Glossary

Last update: 25 November 2022


MORPHOLOGY
Head
Thorax
Wings
Wing length
Abdomen
Ovipositor
Surface structure

BIOLOGY

Development
Voltinism
Nesting strategy
Nest architecture
Biotope

MORPHOLOGY

Head

TermDutchGermanExplanation
torulustorulustorulusRing-shaped socket for antenna

Crabro peltarius ♂
cephalic foveaekruingroevenScheitelgrubePit-shaped recess located between the rear ocelli and the head hind edge.

Symmorphus crassicornis ♀

Thorax

TermDutchGermanExplanation
episternal sulcus,
pre-episternal suture
epistarnale sutuur,
pre-episternale sutuur
episternalsulcus,
vertical single or double row of pits one mesopleuron (here single)

Passaloecus corniger
hypersternaulushypersternaulushypersternaulushorizontal row of pits, or groove on mesopleuron

Passaloecus corniger
mesopleuraulusmesopleuraulusmesopleuraulushorizontal row of pits, or groove on mesopleuron

Passaloecus corniger
scrobal sulcusscrobal sulcusscrobalsulcussee mesopleuraulus
notauli,
parapsidale lijnen / groeven
notauli,
parapsidal lines / furrow
notauli,
parapsidial furchen
longitudinal grooves on the scutum

Symmorphus crassicornis ♀


Passaloecus corniger

Wings

TermDutchGermanExplanation
hamulihamulihamuliHooks on the front edge of the hid wing used to hook these onto the front wing during flight.

Crossocerus annulipes ♂︎

Wing length

TermDutchGermanExplanation
apterousapteerapterNo wings


Gelis spurius
micropterousmicropteermicropter– wings very short
– size and veins underdeveloped, scale-like or smaller
– flight impossible
brachypterousbrachypteerbrachypter– wings short
– size and veins underdeveloped
– flight impossible


Meconema meridionale
sub-macropteroussub-macropteersub-macropter– wings fully developed but short than macropterous
– flight possible
macropterousmacropteermacropter– wing fully developed
– flight possible




Abdomen

TermDutchGermanExplanation
petiolategesteeldgestieltFirst abdominal segment long and thin


Apaeleticus inimicus


Diadromus tenax
not petiolateniet gesteeld / wespentaillenicht gestieldA normal wasps waiste

Symmorphus gracilis

In some cases somewhat petiolate but the petiole is not longer than wide

Passaloecus corniger ♂︎

Ovipositor

TermDutchGermanExplanation
amblypygousamblypygamblypygOvipositor does not extend beyond the abdominal tip


Apaeleticus inimicus
oxypygousoxypygoxypygOvipositor extends beyond the abdominal tip

Gelis bicolor

Surface structure

TermDutchGermanExplanation
punctatedgestippeld,
gepuncteerd
punktiertwith pits, punctures

Finely:

Gelis spurius ♀ (frons)

Finely, sparsely:

Crossocerus annulipes ♀ (mesonotum)

Coarse:

Cerceris rybyensis ♀ (tergites)
striategerimpeldgerunzelt

Ectemnius cephalotes ♂ (mesopleuron)
stripedgestreeptgestreift,
strichliert


Nitela borealis ♀ (gena)


Ectemnius cephalotes ♂ (mesonotum)


Ectemnius cavifrons ♀ (metapleuron, side propodeum)
granulate, grainedkorrelig,
gegranuleerd
gekörneltoppervlak lijkt bedekt met kleine korreltjes


Gelis spurius
coriaceousleerachtig,
gechagrineerd
ledrig,
längsgerunzelt


Ectemnius cavifrons ♀ (mesonotum)
netachtig
rugoserugoosCoarselt wrinkled

Gasteruption assectator ♀ (mesoscutum in front of scutellum)
ruguloseruguloosWeakly wrinkled

Gasteruption erythrostomum ♂ (sidelobes mesoscutum)
sinuate,
sinuous
sinuaat,
sinusachtig
sinuiertWaving

Ancisterocerus nigricornis (yellow band sternite II&III)

BIOLOGY

Development

TermDutchGermanExplanation
potandryproterandrieproterandriephenomenon where males appear earlier than the females

Voltinism

TermDutchGermanExplanation
bivoltinebivoltienbivoltinetwo generations per year
multivoltine
(plurivoltine)
multivoltien
(plurivoltine)
multivoltine
(plurivoltine)
two or more generations per year
partivoltinepartivoltienpartivoltineone generation in more than two years
semivoltinesemivoltiensemivoltineone generation per two years
univoltineunivoltienunivoltineone generation per year

Nesting strategy

TermDutchGermanExplanation
endogeicendogeïschendogäischnesting in the ground
epigeic
epigeal
epigeïsch
epigeaal
epigäischpart of the nest above ground / developing above ground
hypergeichypergeïschhypergäischnesting above ground in structures like stems, wood
hyper-/endogeichyper-/endogeïschhyper-/endogäischnesting in or close to ground

Nest architecture

TermDutchGermanExplanation
CalyptodomeCalyptodomeCalyptodomeNest with enclosed envelope
(e.g. Vespula)
GymnodomeGymnodomeGymnodomeNest without enclosed envelope
(e.g. Polistes)


Polistes dominula
Schematic nest architecture solitary wasp: A. preliminary plug, B. brood cell, C. cell plug, D. intercalary cell, E. vestibular cel, F. nest plug
TermDutchGermanToelichting
Apreliminary plugachterwand nestthe first plug in the back of the nest, which forms the rear wall of the first brood cell.
Bbrood cellbroedcelBrutzelle / Brutkammer [5]a space between two cell plugs in which the larva develops. The front cell plug forms the rear wall of the next cell.
Ccell plugtussenwandwall between two brood cells, closes the rear cell and enables the provisioning of the next.
Dintercalary celltussen celLeerzelle [5]empty cell between two brood cells, probably a defence against parasites.
Evestibular cellvestibule /
vestibulaire cel
Leerzelle [5]one or more empty cells directly located behind the nest plug, probably a defence against parasites.
Fclosing plug / nest plugnest afsluiting /
nest plug
Verdeckelungthick plug that closes the nest entrance

Biotope

TermDutchGermanExplanation
synanthropicsynanthropischsynanthropischliving near humans
stenotopicstenotopischstenotopischliving in a small number of specifically defined biotopes
eurytopiceurytopischeurytopischliving in a large number of different biotopes
psammophilepsammofielpsammophilhas preference to live in a sandy environment


Other Terminology sources

Hymenoptera Anatomy Ontology Portal

The Hymenoptera Anatomy Ontology project: Yoder MJ, Mikó I, Seltmann KC, Bertone MA, Deans AR. 2010. A Gross Anatomy Ontology for Hymenoptera. PLoS ONE 5 (12): e15991. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0015991
A Glossary of Surface Sculpturing [1]
Online resource with better rescans of the original photos: A Glossary of Surface Sculpturing
The Social Insects Glossary
Antbase.org: The Social Insects Glossary

References

1 Harris, Rick. (1979). A glossary of surface sculpturing. California Department of Food and Agriculture, Bureau of Entomology. Occasional Papers in Entomology, California Dept. of Food and Agriculture. 28. 1-31.

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